Sleep Deprivation & Academic Performance
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A 4 page research paper that examines circadian rhythms and sleep deprivation in regards to the student tradition of "all nighters" in order to cram for tests. The writer argues that research shows this practice to be detrimental to academic performance and explains the scientific facts behind this assessment. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khsleepy.rtf

Social Construction in Non-Human Animals and Its Significance to Animal Liberation Arguments
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This is a 4 page paper discussing social construction in non-human animals and its significance in animal liberation discourse. Research within the past several decades has led to many studies which have concluded that animals, and especially primates, have social constructions and social learning behaviors which are similar to that of humans. Through the study of social construction in animals, primates, rats, and guppies among many other species have shown social learning behavior such as family sharing, food foraging instruction, and many other cognitive behavior learning such as induced motivation, matched dependent behavior and emulation of those within their social group among other constructs. In addition to the social constructs which have been found to exist throughout the animal kingdom, researchers and animal activists discuss the importance of letting the social behavior of animals become well known as their “human-like” social constructs may make people realize the importance of liberating those animals held in captivity. Animals activists argue that not only do animals feel pain just as humans do but they also lead productive social lives, previously considered to exist only within humans. Once this has been successfully presented, animals should have the same social rights given to humans in addition to the protection of their natural environments. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TJansoc1.rtf

Sociobiological Aspects Of Cloning
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A 4 page paper on the the application of social Darwinism and later studies to the new cloning process. Points of discussion include fitness of the species, ability to reproduce, and the replication of disease. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Clonebio.wps

Sodium and its’ Compounds
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This 6 page paper is written in four parts. The first looks at the element itself, including the physical chemical and atomic properties, the second considers the everyday used, the third outlines ten compounds which have sodium as an indigent, the last section outlines the common usage of five sodium compounds. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEsodium.rtf

Soil Salinity in the Imperial Valley
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This 5 page paper discusses soil salinity in the Imperial Valley of California, including what it is, why it’s prevalent in this location, what effects it has, how it’s formed, what its benefits are (if any) and what can be done to change the amount of salt in the soil. Bibliography lists 6 sources
Filename: HVSoilIV.rtf

Solar Energy
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This 10 page paper offers an overview of solar energy beginning with the theory underlying solar power and the two major types of solar energy. The technology of solar power cells is explained, beginning with the two major categories of solar energy. The most common materials and elements used to produce photovoltaic cells, how these cells work and their output are then reported. Four of the most common types of collectors are explained. Innovations in the production of solar cells are reported. Comments are made regarding the costs and the savings gained from using solar power. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: PGsolar.rtf

Solutions for Hypoxia and Eutrophication in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
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This 3 page paper examines this problem and provides some solutions. Various issues are explored. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA419hyp.rtf

Space Commercialization / SPACEHAB, Inc.
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A 15 page research paper that first explores commercialization of space and the space industry then focuses on SPACEHAB, Inc., the sole producer and provider habitable space modules. A brief history of SPACEHAB, acquisitions, contracts and financial data is provided. For clarity and comparison, 5 tables are presented reflecting the financial health of the company. The paper concludes with a financial analysis. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: Spacehab.wps

Space Exploration Beyond The 1990's / Space Stations
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This 7 page research paper looks at the future of U.S. space exploration in light of its somewhat turbulent past. Specifically examined is a proposal to build a space station which will conduct extensive research for the benefit of mankind. The role of NASA, relevant political controversy, and financial obstacles to building such a station are discussed. Growing environmental problems caused by space debris are of particular importance to this discussion. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Spaceexp.wps

Space Exploration: History and Promises for the Future
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An 8 page overview of the timeless attraction of space and how that attraction has translated into space exploration programs. This paper traces the history of space exploration and contend that this exploration has the potential to result in more than just satisfying academic curiosity. Space exploration, in fact, directly benefits mankind in a number of ways. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPspaceE.rtf

Space Suit Technology
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This 4 page paper provides a technical overview of what current NASA space suits are comprised of, how they are used and how they protect astronauts. The paper is chock full of technical data and is informative in respect to the white suit used by today's astronauts. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA309NSA.rtf

SPATIAL ECOLOGY
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This 5 page paper gives an overview of spatial ecology and analysis. Problems with this type of research and theory are presented. Examples of studies done utilizing spacial patterning of biodiverse groups given. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MBecology.rtf

SPECTROSCOPY AND ASTRONOMICAL DISCOVERY
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This 10 page paper discusses the exciting history of the spectroscope and the discoveries uncovered by this instrument. Quotes are given from experts stating that the spectroscope helped find planets which exist outside of our known solar system. Quotes cited from texts. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: MBspect.rtf

Spring and Fall
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A 3 page paper which compares and contrasts the seasons of Spring and Fall. No sources cited.
Filename: RAspfa.rtf

Sputnik
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A 7 page paper discussing sputnik. The history of sputnik is discussed, which involves the various effects and influences the launching of this satellite had upon the general condition of te American people. The race in space was, for all purposes, nothing more than a reflection of the race in the arms department. Russia's ability to launch satellites was directly related to their ability to launch nuclear warheads into the United States, and as such the American people were greatly disturbed. While this space race went on for some years, it eventually slowed down and became null and void, altering into a real concern for space travel as opposed to a concern for warfare. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAsput.wps

Stages of Sleep
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The 3 page paper discusses why sleep is necessary, and what happens when we fall asleep. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVStSlep.rtf

Star Birth
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A 5 page paper discussing how stars are born, dwarf stars, and a brief description of the life of a star. Also includes graphics of different phases of star birth. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Starbirth.wps

Statistical Analysis in a Study
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A 3 page research paper that analyzes a specific study in regards to the researchers' use of ANOVA analysis. The writer describes the study's null and alternative hypotheses, citing literature that provides definitions for these factors. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khanova.rtf

Statistically Assessing Quality at Wilson Tire
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A 6 page paper finding the design shortcomings of a test of tire longevity and discussing appropriate statistical measures that should be used. Winston Tire Company claims its new tires last for 40,000 miles. This is presented not as a guarantee of minimum mileage purchasers can expect, but rather as an average. An independent agency road-tested 100 tires in an effort to evaluate the company’s claims, creating a sample of n = 100. An independent testing agency has tested Wilson tires and found them lacking, but the truth is that the study is so poorly designed that the agency cannot make any definitive determination about the quality of Wilson tires. The purpose here is to identify appropriate statistical tests of data. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KSstatBizWilson.rtf

Stem Cell Research
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A 3 page paper which examines the pros and cons of stem cell research. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAce.rtf

Stem Cell Research
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A 5 page assertion of the value of stem cell research. Despite the controversy surrounding it, stem cell research has the potential to greatly benefit mankind and the world as a whole. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPstemC9.rtf

Stem Cell Research
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An 8 page research paper that presents rational, ethical and emotional arguments in favor of lifting the federal restrictions on embryonic stem cell research. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khstemc.rtf

Stem Cell Research & Ethics
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An 8 page essay that summarizes and discusses the various ethical arguments that surround the debate over whether or not stem cell research is justifiable. The writer, citing both biological and philosophical arguments, feels that stem cell research is ethically sound and defensible. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khscreth.rtf

Stem Cell Research Ethics
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A 14 page paper. The writer was required to read several articles provided and add others to discuss the issue of stem cell research and determine if it is ethical or not. The writer also commented on whether the authors demonstrated any bias in their reporting. The essay ends with the writer's opinion regarding the ethics of this issue. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PGstmcl9.rtf

Stem Cell Research/Not an Ethical Issue
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A 6 page research paper/essay that argues that embryonic stem cells research is ethical. The writer bases this argument on the facts of reproduction and also presents the supposition that the real issue here is not stem cell research, per se, but the movement against abortion. The details of stem cell research are presented, along with relevant arguments supporting it. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khesceth.rtf

Stem Cell Research: Societal Implications
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A 4 page overview of the societal implications of this controversial research. The author approaches the subject from the perspective of the scientist and the nurse who are directly and peripherally involved in the research. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPstemC10.rtf

Stem Cells
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This 5 page paper looks at stem cells, what makes them unique, their characteristics, such as non specialisation and proliferation and the differences between stem cells from adults and stem cells from embryos or foetuses. The paper also includes consideration of the current research that is taking place and the potential uses of stem cells in the future. The paper ends with a brief consideration of the ethical issues. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEstemcell.rtf

Stem Cells
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A 10 page paper which discusses various aspects of stem cells. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAstem.rtf

Stephen Hawking’s Book, “A Brief History of Time”
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A 5 page book report on the renowned scientist’s consideration of the significance of time in the universe. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TGbrief.rtf

Steven Johnson/Emergence
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A 5 page book review that offers a summation of the major points of Steven Johnson's text Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software (2001). This is a fascinating book that offers its readers insight into the latest paradigm on how the natural world is organized. According to this radical perspective, complex adaptive systems (such as ant colonies-- or large cities) provide examples of complex order emerging from a series of small-scale interactions. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khsjem.rtf

Stonehenge and the Development of Archaeology
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A 5 page paper which discusses Stonehenge and examines how excavations have been, and can, prove beneficial to the development of archaeology. While over-excavating can prove incredibly harmful to this historical site, if done properly much may be learned. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAstnehg.rtf

Stress & Memory/Article Critique
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A 10 page research paper that offers an article critique research performed by Elzinga and Roelofs (2005), which explored the “effects of stress-induced cortisol elevations on working memory” and whether or not this effect is dependent on the level of adrenergic activity, as measured by sympathetic autonomic activation) (Elzinga and Roelofs, 2005, p. 99). The various components of this research are summarized and discussed. The paper also includes a literature review, in appropriate sections of this discussion, that further explores research on this topic. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khstmem.rtf

STUDIES IN ANATOMY – AN OVERVIEW
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This 4-page paper studies systems in the human body, with focus on the somatosensory and the sensorimotor systems. Bibliograpy lists 3 sources.
Filename: MTanatomys.rtf

Success of the Single Cell Protein
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A 3 page paper which discusses how the single cell protein has been called an instant 30 year success. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAsincll.rtf

Successful Pregnancy
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This 3 page paper discusses the process involved in creating a viable pregnancy, from conception through implantation in the uterus. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: HVSucPrg.rtf

Sulphur Dioxide
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This 5 page paper considers the public health problem of sulphur dioxide and the impacts. This paper provides a methodology for studying this issue. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: MHSulphD.rtf

Summarization: Black Holes and Cosmology
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5 pages in length. Reviews two articles, one on black holes, and one article on cosmology. The review and discussion of each article are included in this paper. In the first article analysts speculate something unusual is happening at the center of the Milky Way, near Sagittarius. The theorists believe there may be one gigantic black hole taking in mass, or a set of smaller black holes. The second article points out that several scientists still firmly believe in the big bang theory despite the arguments concerning the dark-matter problem as well as the causality problem and the age problem.
Filename: JGAastrn.wps

Summary and Analysis of Carl Sagan's "The Demon-Haunted World as a Candle in the Dark"
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An 11 page paper which explores the major issues presented; offers a critical opinion of the book; examines Sagan's arguments on science, religion and skepticism in our world; considers how to make people understand and appreciate science; the role of science in the context of the present and limited educational systems; how the relationship between religious belief and science should be addressed; and includes support for Sagan's arguments. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TGdemon.wps

Sun Spots & Scientific Controversy
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A 5 page definitonal overview of what sun spots are, how they are formed, etc; The writer is particularly concerned with what sun spots say about the future..Some scientists have initiated great controversy by bringing up issues concerning their potentially harmful effects-- even the suggestion that sunspots are indicative of another Ice Age ! Research is analyzed and it is concluded that while it seems as though scientists do have strong reason to believe that sun spots have a significant correlation to weather and the environment, they can not yet agree with certainty upon what implications they might have for our future. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Sunspots.wps

Superconductors
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This 8 page paper discusses superconductors, their history, uses, and the future of the research. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: HVSupCon.rtf