Land Formation and the Impact of Running Water
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A discussion of the critical factors in land formation. Defines such terms as erosion, deposition, alluvium, and colluvium and how each translates into land formation. Addresses twelve specific questions regarding the importance of running water in land formation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPLndFrm.wps

Language and the Brain
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This 22 page paper considers the progression of theoretical perspectives on language and cognitive development as they relate to the biological structures of the brain. In particular, this paper considers the research relative to psycholinguistic models and combines a view of neuroscience and the process of neural code development related to language acquisition as a means of viewing human mental function. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: MHbrain4.wps

Language and Tool Utilization Among the Apes
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A 4 page exploration of the question of whether apes and humans share features of cultural behavior. The author of this paper provides evidence that they do. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPapeLng.rtf

Laplacian and Quantum Determinism
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A 14 page research paper that examines Laplacian and quantum determinism, how one led into the other and what these theoretical perspectives mean. The writer also examines how quantum determinism is effected by black hole data and theories. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khqumech.rtf

Laser Mechanism
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A 7 page overview of laser technology. The author emphasizes the importance of light and details methodologies that are designed to account for light scattering. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPlaserM.rtf

Laser-Induced Damage as a Design Medium in Glass Prior to 1989;
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This 10 page paper considers the developments in this area along with their application and technical abilities. The bibliography cites 15 sources.
Filename: TElaserd.wps

Lawn Mower Design
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A 3 page paper offering an alternative design for a cutting blade for an electric lawn mower. There is particular attention toward the development of better and more desirable cordless electric lawnmowers and other lawn maintenance equipment, but there is an ongoing struggle to balance performance issues and power consumption. The paper suggests using titanium as the material from which the blade is manufactured, and extending the cutting edge the entire length of the blade for better performance with decreased use of power. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KSlawnMower.rtf

Lawrence Cohen/No Aging in India
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A 15 page analysis of Lawrence Cohen's book No Aging in India. Cohen's approach is essentially that of a medical anthropologist as he explores how cultures comprehend the body and its behavior in time. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99aging.rtf

Lead
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A 7 page research paper that examines the characteristics, history, and uses of lead. The writer concludes this investigation by discussing the social and economic ramifications caused by environmental lead contamination. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khlead.wps

Legislative Fuel Issues: Economic Impact
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18 pages in length. The 1980's presented the perfect scenario with regard to the economic and political relationship to the oil market. Depending upon one's interpretation of which direction the oil market was heading during that time, various approaches were taken in relation to its final and stabilizing outcome. Indeed, this particular decade was quite instrumental in determining what was to be expected for future decades that were to follow. With the current situation of proposed taxation and mileage regulation, the need has never been more critical for alternative sources in order to ease the inherent economic impact. Progress has been made over the past two decades since the 1980s oil issue; as such, the combined efforts of regulatory and market pressures proved to generate twice the miles per gallon from 1973. Still, the positive economic impact of such changes must be only the beginning toward addressing the steadily depleting fuel supply. The writer discusses suggested changes in legislation in order to address the growing energy problem. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCFulTx.wps

Lenz's Law
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This law of physics is discussed in a 5 page general overview. A biography of its author, Heinrich F. E. Lenz, precedes the description of the law itself. Some information about Michael Faraday-- Lenz's mentor, is included as well. Applications of Lenz's law are provided. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Lenz.wps

Lichens as Bioindicators
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A 5 page discussion of the use of lichens as biological indicators. Defines lichens, describes their varied and important ecological roles, and discusses the various environmental parameters which affect their growth, diversity, and distribution. Emphasizes the importance of analytical techniques which utilize lichens in assessing the impacts of air pollution. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPlichen.wps

Life and works of Euler
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A paper which looks at the life and works of the mathematician Leonhard Euler, and his contribution to the different fields of science, technology and mathematics in Europe in the eighteenth century. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JLeuler.rtf

Life on Mars: A Proposed Research Study
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of a research study on the argument that life does exist on mars. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHMetMar.rtf

Life-Extending And Life-Altering Technologies: Moral, Theological and Ethical Concerns
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4 pages in length. The scientific and popular news media have heralded several "life-extending" and "life-altering" technologies, not the least of which include embryonic stem-cell research, cloning, genetic intervention and organ transplantation. While such technologies represent remarkable developments and applications of man's emerging scientific understanding, these technologies also raise critical issues with respect to the ethics, morality and economics of these technologies. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCTechEth.rtf

Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
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A 7 page paper discussing recent gains in research, particularly that addressing the role of sarcoglycans play in the progress and form of the disease. All forms of muscular dystrophy are known to result from genetic defects, including the limb-girdle form. Research has advanced rapidly in recent years, but important questions still remain unanswered. Much of the information that has been discovered is interpreted very differently by various researchers, giving rise to the situation in which the increase in knowledge of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is gratifying yet remains inconclusive. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KS-LGMD.wps

Lipids
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This 7 page paper examines lipids, what they are and their constituent fatty acids. The paper discusses the chemical structure of the fatty acids and the various lipids as well as where they are found and their functions. The bibliography cites 10 sources.
Filename: TElipids.rtf

Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG)
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This 7 page paper provides an overview of LPG. Positive and negative aspects of this type of fuel are discussed. Ways in which LPG are used are duly noted. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA331LPG.rtf

Literature Review: Cotton Harvest Aids
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16 pages. This is an extensive literature review on the topic of harvest aid chemicals and timings on cottonseed that are to be re-used for planting purposes. Some topics included are the cool/warm vigor index, seed index, and chemicals used. Bibliography includes 30 sources.
Filename: JGAseeds.rtf

Lithium-Polymer Batteries
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A 10 page discussion of lithium polymer batteries. Includes a brief history of batteries, and overview of types, lithium batteries, and the role of polymers in lithium batteries. Bibliography lists twenty sources.
Filename: Polymerb.wps

Living or Nonliving
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This 3 page paper discusses the differences between living and nonliving things and how we can tell them apart; it also discusses the fact that people argue fire is alive, and how it's possible to demonstrate that it is not. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVLivNot.rtf

Long Range Navigational Habits of Birds
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This 5 page paper outlines the long range navigational habits of birds. For centuries, researchers have recognized that birds fly long distances with great ease and appear to demonstrate navigational habits or systems that are unparalleled. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHMigraB.rtf

Looking Beyond The Known For Answers
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Astronomy is the first and most influential of the sciences. Probably the most influential aspect of this science is the people who have dedicated their lives to increasing the knowledge that is available. This 10 page paper explores the lives, discoveries and influences of those who have made significant discoveries in this area, including Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: KTastlgy.wps

Losing One Sense
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This 5 page paper discusses the question, if a person had to lose one sense, which would it be and why? Bibliography lists 4 sources
Filename: HVnosmel.rtf

Low Density Lipoproteins
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A 5 page paper discussing LDL's structure, origins and transport. Through current research, it is becoming increasingly apparent that LDL is involved in more systems than only those affecting the cardiovascular system. Further research into these interactions and better methods of measuring LDL's oxidative state hold promise of leading to synthesis of greater understanding of the molecule and its role in facilitating conditions of disease. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KS-LDL.wps

Lunar Eclipse
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This 10 page paper describes the mechanics of a lunar eclipse, and gives information about the Moon itself. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: HVLunarE.rtf

Lunar Eclipses 101
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This 4 page report discusses the most basic aspects of the astronomical phenomenon known as a lunar eclipse. How and why an eclipse occurs is briefly outlined and the difference between a total and partial eclipse is explained. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWlunar.rtf

Mad Cow Disease
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A 5 page paper that describes the origins and development of bovine spongiform encephalopathy or mad cow disease. This paper provides an overview of the disease and also considers its impact on the development of CJD in humans. Both are related to the epidemic in England in the early 1990s. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Madcow.wps

Magnetism in Alternators, Electric Motors and Transformers
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This 3 page paper examines how alternators, electric motors and transformers all make use of magnetism, but each uses it in a different way. The paper explains how magnetism is used along with the principles behind it in each of these tools. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEmagnit.rtf

Making New Elements / The Artificial Creation Of The Most Fundamental Components Of All Matter
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A 5 page review of the past and present efforts to artificially create elements. Based largely on the September 1998 Scientific American article 'Making New Elements' by Peter Armbruster and Fritz Peter Hessberger. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Elements.wps

Making Sex : Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud
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5 pages. Thomas Laqueur in his book poses the argument that in the course of medical history there has been a shift from one gender to the current two genders. Prior to the seventeenth century, many scientists believed that there was only one human body and that men and women were the same. This is a highly readable and interesting paper on Laqueur's convincing argument on the one-gender theory. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAmkgsx.wps

Mangroves
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An 8 page paper which examines species of mangroves and the contribution of mangroves to the environment. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAmangv.rtf

Manipulation Of A 427ci Big Block Chevy Engine To Increase Horsepower And Torque Output
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This 10 page paper takes an overview on the way in which this engine can be improved upon by upgrading and replacing different component engine parts. Th bibliography cites 3 sources
Filename: TEchveng.wps

Margaret Wheatley/Leadership and the New Science
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A 5 page essay that examines the major points of Wheatley's book on leadership and the "new sciences" of quantum physics, chaos theory, random fractals, strange attractors and dissipative structures. The writer discusses how Wheatley uses these new scientific approaches to information to form a new paradigm for education and business. No other sources cited.
Filename: khnewsci.wps

Marie Curie
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An 11 page paper which examines the life and work of Marie Curie and how she died through discovering something that helped people. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAcurie8.rtf

Marine Biology's Benefit to Modern Agriculture
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This 3 page report discusses the ways in which knowledge from the field of marine biology has a positive impact on agricultural concerns. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWagimar.rtf

Marine Biology: From Ostracoderms to Halibut
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A 5 page discussion of one of the more notable discoveries in marine biology, the discovery of Ostracoderm fossils in marine substrate. The author uses that example to illustrate the diversity of the marine system and then follow up with a discussion of the life history of the Pacific Halibut. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPfishE2.rtf

Marine Ecosystems
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This 9 page paper discusses marine ecosystems, and particularly the presence of sharks in them. It also touches on overfishing, especially of the shark species, and what this can mean for life everywhere. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: HVSharks.rtf

Marine Pollution
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This 14 page paper discusses various aspects of marine pollution. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: HVMarPol.rtf

Mark Eberhart/'Why Things Break'
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A 5 page summation of an article by Mark E. Eberhart entitled 'Why Things Break.' In this article, Eberhart argues that all of technology is contingent on how things fail‹either by being brittle or ductile. After a discussion that places this topic in historical perspective, he discusses the latest developments in new alloy production and predicting metal fatigue. The writer demonstrates how this is a well-written, clear article that uses language easily understood by the average reader. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99broken.rtf