Desert Surfaces: A Process Based Analysis of Radiation, Heat, Precipitation, and Storage
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A 7 page overview of the processes which impact deserts. Summarizes geologic, climatological and biological processes which interplay to both shape desert environments and which are shaped by those environments. Outlines the importance of topography, substrate characteristics, precipitation, vegetative cover (both type and extent), radiation, and cloud cover in particular and concludes that each of these factors is interrelated with the other. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPdesert.wps

Desertification and the African Sahel
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In five pages this paper examines the issues associated with the desertification of the African Sahel reason with historical background, causes and effects, and possible solutions to this problem among the topics discussed. Six sources are listed in the bibliography.
Filename: TGdesahel.rtf

Desertification in the Sudan
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A paper which looks at the causes of desertification in the Sudan, and suggests national and international policies which might be implemented to address this issue. Bibliography lists 3 sources
Filename: JLdessud.rtf

Designer Babies
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An 8 page research paper that investigates the possible ethical ramifications of biotechnological advancements that predict the advent of "designer babies," that is, children whose genes have been manipulated for certain traits or bodily characteristics. Based on futuristic predictions, the writer argues against the morality of such technology. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khdeskid.rtf

Designing a Research Framework
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This 4 page paper helps the student design research to test an hypothesis. The framework shown is the framing of the null hypothesis (H0) and the alternative hypothesis (H1), the decision on what level of confidence to choose, looking at which statistics to test and deciding on which tests are most suitable. The example used is testing to see if genetically modified food and non modified food are the same. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEstatest.rtf

Designing a Test To Assess a Link between the Emotion of Fear and the Amygdale
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This 4 page paper designs a test to assess if there is any link between the amygdale within the brain and the emotional of fear in human subjects. The paper looks at the best way to image the responses in the brain and then at how issues such as ethics can be overcome and how the test could be conducted. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEfearamy.rtf

Designing a Water Pipe System
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This 8 page paper examines the different aspects of water flow that need to be considered when designing a pipe system. These include water flow, velocity, friction loss and pressure as well as pipe material and the need to remember peak demand. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEwtrpip.rtf

Destiny or Circumstance?: Are Human Beings in Charge of Their Destiny?
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A 5 page discussion of destiny as it relates to the actional and nonactional theories. Associates the theory of biological determinism with the nonactional theory but observes other areas of research which indicate numerous factors, particularly parental involvement in our childhood, affect the way we live our lives. Concludes that there is some validity to the Actional Theory, the theory that it is us that determine our destiny. What becomes clear, however, is that our destinies are determined not only by factors which are under our control but also be predetermined factors such as our genes. Destiny therefore is predetermined in some instances but entirely under our control in others. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPdestin.wps

Development of the Human Brain
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This 7 page paper looks at some of the theories that try to explain who and why the human brain has developed into the current large and complex organ seen today. The paper loos at the arguments of bipedalism, the use of tools and development of language and the radiator theory. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEbraindev.rtf

Diamonds / Their Structure and Geologic Formation
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A 5 page overview of the gemstone known as a diamond. Includes information on diamond structure and geologic formation, including its presence in kimberlite formations. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Diamond.wps

Did Birds Evolve From Dinosaurs?
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A 5 page outline of current paleontological thought regarding the evolutionary path of birds and the question of whether or not they descended from dinosaurs. Bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: Dinobird.doc

Difference Between Qualitative and Quantitative Research
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A 3 page research paper that discusses the differences between quantitative and qualitative research, as well as the debate ongoing in the scientific community about which is best. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khqaqsff.rtf

Differences In The Way A Mammalian Cell And Yeast Cells Coordinate Cell Growth And Cell-Cycle Progression
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This 3 page paper summarizes an article by Colon and Raff (2003) entitled “Differences in the way a mammalian cell and yeast cells coordinate cell growth and cell-cycle progression” which looks at the role of cell check points and the importance of extracellular signalling for mammalian cells when researched with the use of Schwamm cells. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEcellgrow.rtf

Digestion: Travels of a Ham Sandwich and Glass of Milk, From Mouth to Excretion
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A 10 page overview of the digestive system as seen through the digestive processes required in the consumption of a typical meal. Outlines the basic functions of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and large intestine. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPdigest.wps

Digital Radiography Versus Conventional Radiography
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This 4 page paper compares the use of traditional and digital radiography looking at factors such as effectiveness, efficiently, cost and environmental impact. The bibliography cites 2 sources.
Filename: TEradiograh.rtf

Dinoflagellates
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A 4 page overview of this classification of organism. The author reviews the phylogeny and the ecology of these incredible diverse creatures. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPdinofl.rtf

Dinosaur Extinction
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A 6 page review of dinosaur extinction. Ties together the concepts of natural selection, fitness, neocatastrophism, and the Gaia hypothesis to contend that dinosaurs dies out gradually as the result of one or more environmental events such as sea level regression, climatic change, volcanism, and/or asteroid impact. Bibliography lists 6 sources, 3 of which are primary.
Filename: PPdinoEx.wps

Disadvantages of Liposome-Based Anti-Tumor Drug Delivery
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A 6 page paper discussing problems associated with using liposome-based molecules as drug delivery vehicles for tumor-inhibiting compounds Recombinatory chemistry has given great hope for highly targeted and specific drugs that will attach to only specific sites on other molecules. The eventual goal is to deliver highly specific drugs to tumors with no side effects other than those directly attributable to the shrinkage and subsequent death of the tumor, but the problems associated with liposome-based delivery systems would seem to indicate that there is another solution waiting to be discovered. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: KSliposome.wps

Discovery And Historical Development Of Radiation Oncology
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This 5 page paper is a PowerPoint presentation on the discovery and history development of radiation oncology. The presentation outlines the major developments and events that led to today’s more sophisticated treatments such as IMRT. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEoncology.rtf

Discovery Of The Electron
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3 pages in length. An historic marvel occurred at the turn of the nineteenth century that would once again bring man a better understanding of the world around him. J.J. Thomson's discovery of the electron originated when he found that cathode rays were negatively charged particles, a breakthrough he termed corpuscles, noting how their size was approximately one thousand times smaller than hydrogen atoms. The British physicist further claimed that atomic existence was integrally based upon the existence of these corpuscles, a fact he boldly addressed in 1897. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCelectron.rtf

Discuss how well Popper’s model of Conjectures and Refutations applies to Fleming's Work on Penicillin
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A paper which considers the differences between Popper's methodology and that of the inductionists, and applies the theories to Fleming's discovery of penicillin. Bibliography lists 4 sources
Filename: JLpoper.rtf

Distribution and Evolution of the Striped Skunk
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A 3 page paper which provides a look at the distribution and evolution of the striped skunk. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAskunk.rtf

DNA - An Overview
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A 5 page exploration of DNA and its relations to cellular reproduction. Includes a discussion of cellular structure, mitosis, and meiosis. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Dna.wps

DNA Analysis Using Polymerase Chain Reaction: Implications for the Study of Ancient DNA
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A 5 page discussion of DNA research utilizing the technique of polymerase chain reaction. Describes the technique and its application to contemporary DNA investigations. Emphasizes the importance of this technique to the analysis of ancient forms of DNA, the study of human evolution in particular. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPdnaPol.wps

DNA and the ageing process
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A paper which considers research into the phenomenon of ageing, with specific reference to DNA and changes which take place at the cellular level. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: JLagedna.rtf

DNA as an Identification Tool:
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This 5 page paper highlights the benefits of using DNA technology as an identification tool. This paper stresses the benefits of such technology as well as addressing many of the fears associated with its use. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: GSDNAdna.rtf

DNA Replication
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A 9 page paper which examines DNA replication. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAdnarn.rtf

DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis
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This 3 page paper takes a look at these scientific processes and how new technology in regard to evaluating genetic materials are utilized. Examples are provided. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA341DNA.rtf

Do Animals Have Minds?
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A 5 page paper which examines whether animals have minds. Similarities and differences are discussed as they relate to the mental life of humans and animals. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAanmlmd.rttf

Does Science Have All the Answers?
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This 3 page paper examines the validity of the scientific method. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA850sci.rtf

Dolphin Communication and Implications for Humanity
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This 12 page paper provides an overview of dolphin communication. How it affects humanity, and its potential to do so, is the focus of the paper. Research on dolphin communication is included. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: SA314dol.rtf

Dolphin Therapy
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An 18 page paper which examines what this controversial treatment is, who developed it, its benefits, where one can go to receive this therapy, how dolphins communicate with patients, how dolphins are trained for such a program, and evaluates the results of this therapy. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TGdolphin.rtf

Dow Chemical Company’s Focus on the Triple Bottom Line
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A 21 page paper discussing Dow Chemical’s approach to responsible behavior. The common view of behaving responsibly is that such behavior is admirable but is not cost effective. Dow Chemical officially takes the opposite view. As a matter of corporate policy, Dow Chemical conducts its business within the framework provided by the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) business model that addresses not on the financial bottom line, but also those areas of corporate social responsibility and long-term sustainability. In cost issues, Dow’s perspective that avoidance of the unnecessary costs of cleanup or damage control in the long run is more costly than is avoiding these problems completely. The paper uses Dow’s response to the phase-out of 1,1,1 trichloroethane with creating responsible new business opportunities designed to identify and create alternatives. The paper also discusses regression analysis and cost-benefit analysis theory. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: KSmgmtDowTBL.rtf

Dr. George W. Uetz's "The Spider And Fly Revisited: Ploy-Counterploy Behavior In A Unique Predator-Prey System": Critique
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5 pages in length. The predator-prey relationship represents one of the most phenomenal aspects of nature, inasmuch as there are a number of variables that ultimately predict certain behaviors. Dr. George W. Uetz has taken what might be perceived as nature's dance of survival to an extreme: While most people automatically picture a lion tracking down a hapless antelope as being representative of the predator-prey interaction, Uetz et al (2002) have brought to light an entirely different approach by way of studying the impact of sarcophagid flies (Arachnidomyia lindae) upon the egg sacs of the colonial orb-weaving spider (Metepeira incrassata). The author delves deeply into the reasons why the sarcophagid fly presents as the primary predator of colonial orb-weaving spider egg sacs, utilizing past studies to support his own thesis and subsequent research. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCPredP.rtf

Dr. Willis H. Carrier: Father of Air Conditioning
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A 6 page paper which examines the life and contribution of Dr. Willis H. Carrier, the Father of Air Conditioning. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAaircn.rtf

Drilling Fluids
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This 9 page paper considers the different type if drilling fluids, including water-based fluids, oil-based fluids and mist gas air or foam fluids, where they are used, their properties, additives and control. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEdrillf.rtf

Drug Chemistry: The Effect of Ionization of Absorption and Excretion
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A 4 page overview of the relation of drug ionization, specifically of whether the drug is a weak acid or a weak base, to its absorption into the body and consequent excretion from the body. Notes a differential absorption and excretion, according to physiological pH, as to where the drug is absorbed and when it is excreted. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPdrugCh.rtf

Durable Disease Resistance
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Durable disease reduction, an integral component of modern plant breeding is one solution that many plant biologists believe will be the deciding factor in whether the world's population of 2020 will be fed. This 5 page paper argues that the goal of durable disease resistance is not only possible but also probable before 2020. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KTdisres.wps

Dust Storms: How They Have Impacted The World's Health
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9 pages in length. The extent to which dust storms impact the world's health is both grand and far-reaching; that dry, desert and semi-arid rangelands represent the most significant regions where dust storms occur speaks to a tremendous number of people detrimentally affected by the natural occurrence. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCDustStrm.rtf

Dynamic Systems Model Of Motor Development And Infant Reflexes
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3 pages in length. The writer briefly discusses the dynamic systems model and the extent to which infant reflexes lend to future development. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCMotorDev.rtf