ANGER IN NICOMACHEAN ETHICS
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This paper covers Aristotle's view on anger, as discussed in the Nicomachean Ethics. The paper poses the question of whether Aristotle's view on the topic is realistic, or if, given the mores of certain societies, people don't have much control over the way they react to their anger.
Filename: MTariang.rtf

Animal Rights and Three Classical Philosophies
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This 10 page report discusses the perspectives of utilitarianism, the thinking of the ancient philosopher Aristotle, and that of the 18th century German philosopher, Immanuel Kant are considered and applied to some of the many issues associated with attitudes about the “rights” of animals. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWaniphi.rtf

Annie Dillard/"Pilgrim at Tinker Creek"
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A 5 page analysis of Annie Dillard's naturalist philosophy expressed in her book "Pilgrim at Tinker Creek." The writer explains how Dillard uses her naturalist observations to examine the "big" questions of life—the meaning of the universe, God, and humanity's place in the scheme of things. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99tinker.wps

Anselm Of Canterbury & His Ontological Argument
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This 5 page essay briefly reviews the life and work of St. Anselm (1033-1109) who has been known as one of the forebearers of early theological hypothesis. The bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: Anselm.wps

Anselm’s Ontological Arguments
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A 5 page research paper/essay that discusses the first and second ontological arguments of Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109), who was the first medieval theologian to propose an ontological argument on the existence of God. An ontological argument is a method that relies on logic alone, rather than scripture, as it endeavors to establish a priori proof that God exists. Then, the writer discusses the response written by Anselm’s contemporary Gaunilo of Marmoutier. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khansont.rtf

Anselm, Aquinas, Descartes/Existence of God
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A 3 page essay that contrasts and compares the arguments of Anselm and Aquinas on the existence of God and then briefly discusses Descartes' view. Theologians and philosophers throughout history have formulated arguments that are designed to prove, logically, that God exists. This examination of three of these arguments looks first at the proofs of God's existence offered by Anselm and Aquinas. These two theologians take opposite approaches, with Anselm offering an a priori, ontological proof, while Aquinas formulates a cosmological, a posteriori argument. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khanaqde.rtf

Anthropology in the Works of Plato and Augustine
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A five page paper analyzing both Platonic and Augustinian thought in terms of its application to anthropology. The paper points out that neither philosopher had any concept of the scientific method, and questions how much of their ideology can be considered applicable to the field of anthropology today. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: KBplato5.wps

Anthropology of the Body
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This 11 page report discusses anthropology of the body and the ways in which every culture constructs a symbolic system of meanings which includes a representation of the body and a theory of the body’s physical existence. In western society the body is viewed as a symbol of individualism and separation. In traditional societies the body connects the individual to the society and nature. Such an anthropologically-constructed body can be analyzed in terms of form, content, knowing and value. In the study of the anthropology of the body, it is important to consider the body as the subject and object of social processes. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWantrob.wps

Applying Aristotle's Rhetoric Theory To President Bush's Memorial Address
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5 pages in length. As the shaper of truth and reality, the discourse community is constantly at odds with the manner by which rhetoric is approached in contemporary times. Outsiders pay little mind to the value of words, asserting that their presence is merely symbolic in nature and superficial in reality. Like so many who have adopted this way of thinking, these nonmembers of the discourse community possess very little interest for truth, being concerned only with rhetoric persuasion. With a rhetorical epistemology solidly entrenched in their psyche, these naysayers hold firm to their convictions that words are not the connection between concept and knowledge, but rather that obtaining such a possession is not only unwarranted by humans but also impossible. Examining President Bush's recent memorial address at the National Cathedral, one can readily argue that Aristotle's three-point definition of rhetoric was a primary component toward persuasion through words, as well as a solid example of substantiating his own character, credibility, and persona; an emotional state in his audience; and a sense of reasonableness. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: TLCethos.wps

Applying Cultural Economics to Society
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8 pages. The impact of consumerism and prosperity upon the cultural and economic society of man has prompted many volumes of work from both philosophers and economists alike. This paper investigates the phenomenon of cultural economics as discussed by authors Thorstein Veblen, Regenia Gagnier, and Francis Fukuyama. The essence of the leisure class and how it affects the manners of this socioeconomic group is explored at length herein. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAmnnrs.rtf

Applying Distributive Justice to Health Care
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A 10 page paper discussing methods of health care delivery. Distributive justice seeks to determine a best-case method of distributing goods and services to a specific group or population. One of the primary debates surrounding health care is that of how it should be distributed. Most insured Americans have no choice in their insurers; the uninsured simply have no choice. Of the several principles of distributive justice, it is the welfare principle based on the utilitarianism of Kant and Mill that appears to be the most workable. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KShlthDistJust.rtf

Applying Reason to an Argument:
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This 5 page paper takes a hypothetical situation and discusses why this situation represents faulty reasoning. Furthermore, this paper goes on to discuss the qaulities associated with sound reasoning. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: GSArgue1.rtf

Approaches to philosophy
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An overview of various branches of philosophy, including analytic and process philosophy, and the way that these relate to earlier forms.
Filename: JLphilo.rtf

Aquinas, Kant and Others
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This 6 page paper focuses on St. Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant by incorporating comments and answering questions posed by a student. Several issues are discussed including the existence of God. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA050Aqu.wps

Aquinas: First Mover and First Cause
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A paper which looks critically at Aquinas's Five Ways, and at the problems inherent in his arguments for the First Mover and First Cause. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JLaqways.rtf

Are Emotions Wholly Different from the Rational Intellect? A Discussion Using Some Arguments from Plato’s “Republic”
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This is a 6 page paper discussing emotions and rational intellect. Traditionally in ancient Greek philosophy as seen in Plato’s Republic, emotions are considered as separate from rational intellect. In Plato, he presents three souls in the human body which consist of rational intellect, emotions and will. For Plato, all three souls must work in harmony in order for a man to be considered just. Regardless of Plato’s arguments however, examples can be given which show that perhaps emotions and intellect are not developmentally separate and in all cases, the intellect and emotions have an effect on each other in addition to having a mutual control over the will. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TJemots1.rtf

Are The Rich Responsible For The Poor?
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This 7 page paper discusses whether or not the rich have a responsibility for the poor. The essay first presents a hypothetical situation regarding rich and poor people, specifically, a person has just won a huge lottery and has been overwhelmed by requests for help. The writer offers three arguments: 1.) the rich have no responsibility for the poor; 2.) the rich have significant responsibility for the poor; and 3.) a compromise between the two opposing viewpoints. Arguments will be based on two writers' arguments about rich and poor countries – Garrett Hardin's Lifeboat Ethics and Peter Singer's Rich and Poor. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGrchpr.rtf

Argument Analysis
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A 3 page paper analyzing an argument that people are less concerned today about their diets than they were ten years earlier. The statement cites less success of a health food store and a vegetarian restaurant compared to an all-beef restaurant. The paper concludes that the customer should not receive the blame for poor business results, and that the management personnel of the health food businesses are more responsible for their lack of business than are customers. The full-spectrum restaurant likely serves “healthy” alternatives, and may be more attuned to customers’ wants. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KSargueAnalyz.rtf

Argument By Analogy
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A 10 page exploration of one of the simplest and commonly used form of inductive reasoning, 'argument by analogy.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Analogy.wps

Argument: Blaise Pascal’s Statement about Religion and Evil is Wrong
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This 4 page paper argues that Blaise Pascal’s famous statement, “Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction,” is incorrect. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: HVNoPscl.rtf

Arguments on the Existence of God
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A 6 page research paper that examines the position of eighteenth century philosopher David Hume concerning the existence of God in his Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. The writer outlines the parameters of a cosmological argument for the existence of God and then summarizes the discussion in Hume's text, arguing that, while Hume shows that such an argument does not necessarily prove that God exists, it does not disprove it either. The writer then reconciles scientific theory with belief in God as a creator. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khhumgod.rtf

Aristotelian Good Life
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This 6 page paper presents a speech based on Aristotle's idea of the 'good life'. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: KTaristn.wps

Aristotelian Virtue and Utilitarianism
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This 5 page paper compares and contrasts the two theories. An argument is made in support of utilitarianism, but both theories are explored. Several contemporary examples are provided. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA121Ari.doc

Aristotle & Augustine/Religion & Ethics
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A 3 page essay/research paper that contrasts Aristotle's ethics against those of Augustine. Contrasting with these two extremes, contemporary philosopher William Frankena has sought to bring secular and religious moral philosophy into constructive engagement. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khariaug.rtf

Aristotle & De Tocqueville/Virtue & the State
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A 6 page essay that argues that Aristotle and Alexis de Tocqueville express similar perspectives relative to the importance of civic virtue and responsibility of the state in regards to the virtue of its citizenry. An examination of Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics and Tocqueville's Democracy in America demonstrates that the state has a vested interest in the virtue of its citizenry, as democracy is predicated on the foundation provided by an informed citizenry. No additional sources cited.
Filename: kharitoc.rtf

Aristotle & Hume On Ethics
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A 5 page essay that compares and contrasts the positions of Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) in his Nicomachean Ethics and David Hume (1711-1776) in his Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals. The writer argues that each of these philosopher present two very different and contrasting views of the foundations for ethical reasoning. No additional sources cited.
Filename: kharihum.rtf

Aristotle & Plato on Art
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A 5 page research paper that examines the attitudes of Plato and Aristotle toward art. The writer argues that while they both made the fundamental assumption that art is a form of mimesis, the imitative function that is inherent in all forms of art provoked Plato's disdain, but provoked Aristotle's curiosity. An examination of their views demonstrates that Aristotle carried his philosophy of art beyond the concepts put forth by Plato. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khartmim.rtf

Aristotle and Adam Smith on Reason and Sentiment
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This 5 page report discusses the classical philosopher Aristotle and the 18th century British philosopher and economist Adam Smith and how their views on reason and sentiment related to what each perceived to be the nature of virtue. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWariada.rtf

Aristotle And Buddhism: Comparing Philosophies
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4 pages in length. Eastern and Aristotelian philosophy have long contradicted each other when it comes to many of the foundations of mankind's existence. One area in which they both share a common denominator, however, is with regard to leading a peaceful, benevolent and principled life. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TLCAristBud.rtf

Aristotle and Human Origins
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A 4 page paper which examines Aristotle’s take on human origins. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAaror.rtf

Aristotle And Immanuel Kant: Happiness
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5 pages in length. What is happiness if not a state of mind? In order to reach such a state of mind, one must engage in activity – either spiritual or social – that elicits this particular sentiment. Aristotle and Immanuel Kant believed that ethics and thought were the fundamental basis for happiness, inasmuch as one cannot truly be happy if he is not cohesive with world around him. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLChappy.doc

Aristotle and John Stuart Mill -- Concepts of Justice
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This 6 page report discusses ideas of justice as perceived by the classical philosopher Aristotle and John Stuart Mill. According to Aristotle, the human soul is made up of rational and non-rational elements. In comparison, John Stuart Mill did not model his understanding of character on any factors other than his own belief that a person’s (male or female) character develops and is forged by his or her response to society. That response is what then empowers the individual to make the necessary changes within as well as related to fundamental societal parameters. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWmilari.wps

Aristotle and Machiavelli's Ideas Compared
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of each of these theorist's ideas. Aristotle's Politics is used along with Machiavelli's Discourses. Ideas regarding government type are discussed. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA329AaM.rtf

Aristotle and Plato on Citizenship
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An 8 page paper discussing the views of these two philosophers on what constitutes citizenship in the society and who is eligible for being considered to be a true citizen. In essence, Aristotle settled on two classes: the privileged and those who served them. Those who served had no true right to determine their own destinies at all. Aristotle's true citizen could be defined as one who in reality contributed little or nothing to the society aside from the grace of his presence and existence. Plato took a much more practical view of citizenship and the need for the participation of all individuals in at least some aspect of the larger society. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KSphiloCitAP.rtf

Aristotle and Plato on the Concept of Forms
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This 3 page paper examines the views of each philosopher but supports the view of Aristotle. Whether or not dual realms exist is at the crux of the argument. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA409AP.rtf

Aristotle And Sebastian De Grazia: Philosophy Towards A Calm And Contemplative Experience
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4 pages in length. Both Aristotle and de Grazia successfully make the argument between sacrifice of spiritual fulfillment and the benefit of social progress in modern-day society by illustrating how the quest for a calm and contemplative experience continues to be a dwindling reality in a global society that values materialism more than personal health. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCAristdeG.rtf

Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas on Religion and Philosophy
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This 3 page paper examines reason, revelation and tradition in both Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics and in St. Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologica. It is found that there are both differences and similarities. No additional sources cited.
Filename: AaA.rtf

ARISTOTLE AND THE GOVERNMENT
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This paper examines some of Aristotle's philisophical foundation for political beliefs -- including the idea of nature (and natural laws) underlying the political order of his ideal polis. The three "rungs" of this ladder include the individual/family, the village and the state. Bibliogrpahy lists 1 source.
Filename: MTarigov.rtf

Aristotle and the Idea of the "Good Life"
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This 3 page paper discusses Aristotle's concept of the Good Life. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVGoodLf.rtf

Aristotle and the Ideal Constitution
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A 5 page paper which examines Aristotle's "Politics" and illustrates what Aristotle sees as the foundations for the ideal Constitution. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAariplt.rtf