Abbadie/An Early Influence on the Enlightenment
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A 5 page research paper/essay that discusses the life of Jacques Abbadie (1654?-1726), who was a noted Huguenot pastor and apologist for Christianity who wrote some influential volumes in the late seventeenth century. The writer, first of all, summarizes an article that describes Abbadie's influence on the Enlightenment. Then, the writer relates this information and its significance to present day society. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: khj.abba.rtf

Abortion Rights During the Second Trimester
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This 4 page paper uses Kantian ethics to argue for specific maxims. A case study submitted by a student is used as a springboard for discussion. The paper supports abortion rights but is against partial birth abortion. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA223abo.rtf

Abortion: An Argument in Ethics
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A 6 page discussion of the ethics of abortion. The author approaches the topic from a consequentialist/nonconsequentialist view and incorporates the arguments of Aristotle, Kant's (deontological) categorical imperative of reason, and Mill's (teleological) utilitarian approach. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPaborEt.rtf

Abortion: Applying Rene Descartes And David Hume's Philosophies
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5 pages in length. David Hume and Rene Descartes viewed the world from two completely diverse perspectives. When applying their respective philosophies to the subject of abortion, the student will readily understand just how divergent their viewpoints truly were. In effect, Hume supported the concept of determinism as opposed to Descartes' endorsement of free will. In establishing the essence of these principles, it is essential for the student to understand the difference between the two representations. When one is cast forward by way of determinism, it is as though one has absolutely no control over the various and sundry occurrences that take place during one's life. Free will, on the other hand, speaks to the concept of having full authority over one's aspirations and ultimate direction, reflecting the exact opposite of those ruled by determinism. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCAbHum.rtf

Abortion: Pros and Cons
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A 5 page paper which examines the pros and cons of abortion. The paper offers the two sides and also argues for pro-choice based on predominantly philosophical reasoning. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAabortn.rtf

Accepting Either Realism or Idealism as a Philosophy of Life
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This 6 page report discusses the philosophies of realism and idealism. What is the basis of each and what are the main philosophical reasons for accepting one over the other? The writer argues from the premise that realism is the more valid philosophy. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Realidea.wps

Accidental Century
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If "God is dead" for the modern individual, then there is no purpose to the future. A person, society and, or, culture without purpose is certain to be defined as in crisis. This 8 page paper explores the concept of the 'accidental century' as defined by a crisis of belief and disbelief which made the twentieth century spiritually empty by looking at the history and tone of community action in terms of literary depiction. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTacccen.rtf

Achilles and Socrates
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This 3 page paper contrasts Achilles in “The Iliad” with Socrates as he is presented in Plato’s “Apology.” Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVachsoc.rtf

Act-Utilitarianism Versus Rule-Utilitarianism
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This 4 page paper provides an overview of the different types of theories on the umbrella of utilitarianism. Many examples are provided. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA311Uti.rtf

Action and Religion in Social Life
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This 11 page paper discusses action and religion in social life as seen by Durkheim, Freud, Weber and Marx. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVActReg.rtf

Adam And Eve: Free Will Or Influenced By The Snake?
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5 pages in length. Was Adam and Eve bound by weakness or were their actions the result of free will? God warned Adam and Eve not to eat from the Tree of Conscience, but they did not heed his admonition. Convinced by the serpent that committing sin would pose them no harm, they were easily tricked into believing this was true. This coaxing appeared to bee all the incentive they needed to sin against the Lord, causing Him to lose faith in their trustworthiness, but were they truly to blame? Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCAdmEv.rtf

Adams; Should God Create Good?
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This 5 page paper considers the Essay by Adams entitled 'Must God Create Good' and considers the arguments put forward regarding the obligations of God and man towards potential life and the moral obligations that can be argued as well as are often perceived by society. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEgoodgd.wps

Addressing A Controversial Issue
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7 pages in length. The very nature of controversy finds its fundamental basis amidst disagreement between a minimum of two sides; when this conflict is left unresolved, the extent to which the controversial issue is heightened serves to impede progress toward a solution. At the same time, however, society cannot exist without controversy, inasmuch as people will never agree about every issue one hundred percent of the time. Upon examining the core aspect of controversy, one finds that personal interpretation represents the primary component. Characteristic of humanity's constant quest for the concept of meaning, the journey of understanding has come to represent myriad things to myriad people, ultimately rendering any universal explanation virtually impossible. The problem with meaning as it relates to controversy is attempting to successfully pinpoint a single yet comprehensive connotation to its concept; however, this cannot be achieved as long as any two individuals harbor decidedly different interpretations. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TLCcntro.wps

Adler's How To Think About God
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This 5 page paper explores the philosophical argument concerning the existence of God made by Mortimer Adler in his book, How to Think about God: A Guide for the 20th-Century Pagan. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTpagans.wps

Adler, Aquinas, and Analogical Language
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A five page paper looking at the question of analogical language's usefulness in theological discussions, based on the theories of Mortimer Adler and St. Thomas Aquinas. The paper distinguishes analogical language from other kinds, and then shows why it still is inadequate to communicate the nature of God. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: KBadler.wps

Aesthetic Experiences And The Role Of Eastern Philosophical Traditions
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4 pages in length. The writer briefly discusses the concept of aesthetic experience, as well as how it relates to Eastern philosophy. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCAesthEx.rtf

Aestheticism According to Nietzsche and Cassian
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This 5 page paper examines these theorists' ideas about aestheticism. The paper concludes that Nietzsche's ideas are more practical. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA714NaC.rtf

Aesthetics
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19 pages in length. Myriad philosophers, psychologists and sociologists have attempted to explain the inherent relationship that exists among the elements of aesthetic perception, awareness and time. Of those who have succeeded, the primary focus has been upon the sensual realm and the manner by which the passage of time can trigger enhanced sense awareness, as well as the sensual world eliciting an enhanced perception of time, which draws directly upon the experiential realm. As such, the sensual realm is looked upon as a way of enhancing aesthetic awareness in its sensual expression, which in turn trigger an enhanced awareness of the moment at hand and draws attention to the fleeting nature of existence that unifies all things. The writer discusses aesthetic perception as it relates to Kantian theory, art and physical beauty. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: TLCMetaB.rtf

Against Human Cloning
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This 5 page paper discusses two articles that both object to human cloning, but in different ways and from different perspectives. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVNoClon.rtf

Alan Turing's Test Of Intelligence
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Alan Turing argued that a computer could respond intelligently to a human asking questions. This 5 page paper argues that the philosophical beliefs of Rene Descartes and others of the humanist school of thought present reason to question Turing's conclusion by including an a priori element within the human ability to create and communicate. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KTturing.wps

Alan Watts and Bertrand Russell on the Interpretation of Mysticism
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This 5 page paper looks at how these two different philosophers interpreted and perceived mysticism as well as the ways in which they conveyed their beliefs to their audiences. With one believing in logical explanations and the other seeking to help us understand what they believed to be the inconceivable they can also be seen to have had commonalties, despite their different approaches. The bibliography sites 10 sources.
Filename: TEmystis.wps

Alasdair MacIntyre/Katie Cannon
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A 3 page essay that contrasts and compares the positions of Alasdair MacIntyre in his book After Virtue with the sentiments expressed by Katie Cannon in her book Katie's Canon. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khamkc.rtf

Alasdair MacIntyre/Whose Justice? Which Rationality?
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A 12 page research paper that examines Alasdair MacIntyre's book Whose Justice? Which Rationality? The writer discusses and summarizes the major points from this philosophical text, while also discussing the way that this text has been perceived by MacIntyre's peers. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khwjwr.rtf

Albert Camus’ “Le Renegat”
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This 3 page report briefly discusses Albert Camus (1913–60) and his essay “Le Renegat.” His opinion that that the human condition is fundamentally absurd led to his being categorized with the existentialists, but he vigorously denied and loyalty to that group; his works express what can be thought of as a courageous and compassionate humanism. Camus was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1957. No other sources.
Filename: BWrenegt.wps

Albert Camus/Reflections on his Philosophy
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A 5 page research paper that offers a general introduction into Camus' view on life using his works The Myth of Sisyphus and The Stranger. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khcamus.rtf

Albert Camus: “The Guest”
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This is a 7 page paper which discusses existentialism and Albert Camus's short story "The Guest". There is no bibliography.
Filename: JHAlbe.rtf

Aletheia and Veritas
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This 3 page paper discusses the difference between aletheia and veritas (both can be defined as "truth") and why the theories of correspondence, coherence and pragmatism fit more easily into aletheia than veritas. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVAlethe.rtf

Alexis de Tocqueville: Intellect and Social Life in “Democracy in America”
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A 6 page paper which examines how Tocqueville sees the influence of democracy upon social and intellectual life in “Democracy in America.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAtocq1.rtf

Alienation and Liberty in JS Mill and Karl Marx
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A five page paper which considers the similarities and differences between Marx’s concept of alienation and Mill’s perspective of the freedom of the individual in relation to the preservation of social values. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JLmillmarx.wps

Althusser's Notion of Ideology:
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This 5 page paper discusses Althusser and his ideas about the media, Marxism, class struggle and more. This paper highlights the limitations of his arguments as well. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: GSAlthus.rtf

Alzheimer's Test: Opportunity Or Curse?
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5 pages in length. Fred's dilemma stems from a twofold concern: a) self-preservation and b) looking out for his children. When applying the utilitarian theory, the student can readily understand how Fred's decision should be for taking the test on the chance that he may have the gene and can benefit his progeny, as well as the rest of society, by taking part in the experimental medications. Utilitarianism represents the belief that what serves the greatest number serves the greater good, rather than what is favorable for a few; indeed, this has a great deal to do with the idea of sacrificing a lesser being for the better of the superior being. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCAlzTs.rtf

American Civil War: Just or Unjust?
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This 3 page paper considers the criteria for a just war, applies them to the American Civil War, and argues that it can be seen as both just and unjust. Bibliography lists 1 sources.
Filename: HVCivJst.rtf

American Society as it Relates to Scipio's Dream and The Myth of Er
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This 5 page paper looks at Plato's Republic that contains the Myth of Er, as well as Cicero's work that contains Scipio's dream. Ideas and themes to come from the works are compared to modern American life. No bibliography.
Filename: SA418Er.rtf

An Analysis of Causation
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This 5 page paper looks mostly at Aristotle's ideas about causes. The concepts are analyzed. Infinity is discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA840a.rtf

An Analysis of Hume's "Miracles" Essay:
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This 4 page paper explores the basic ideas in Hume's "Miracles" essay and theoretically addresses how Hume might respond to psychic John Edwards. This paper presents the reasons why Hume would not support the work of Edwards based upon his philosophical ideology. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: GSHumirc.rtf

AN ANALYSIS OF KANT’S ETHICS
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This paper probes the position of the ethics of Immanuel Kant, the German philosopher. The paper examines some of Kant's theories as they pertain to morals and ethics (such as those found in the Categorical Imperative) and attempts to tie modern-day examples to Kant's writings. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MTkantet.rtf

An Analysis of Rousseau's Autobiography:
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This 15 page paper discusses "Confessions", which is Jean Jacque Rousseau's autobiography. This paper discusses what this writer was attempting to say about the self and includes quotes. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: GSJeanJa.rtf

An Analysis of the Article "Letting Handicapped Babies Die":
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This 5 page paper is an analysis of the views of Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse who believe that babies who are born with certain handicaps and/or disabilities should be able to be put to death up to 28 days after being born. This is a philosophy paper and refelcts both the opinions of these philosophers as well as opinions of the author of the paper. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: GSBabies.rtf

An Analysis of the Ideas of Hume and Ayer
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This 3 page paper looks at ideas of Hume and Ayer. Emotivism and other ideas are discussed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA719emo.rtf

An Analysis of the War in Iraq through works by Aristophanes and Plato
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This 6 page paper examines the Crito and Apology by PLato in addition to two Aristophanes works. The plays are evaluated and the war with Sparta is compared to the current war in Iraq. Moral concepts are discussed. No secondary sources are used. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA543war.rtf