'The Tragedy of American Diplomacy' by William A. Williams
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A 6 page paper which summarizes, reviews, and analyzes 'The Tragedy of the American Diplomacy' by William A. Williams. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAwwilliams.rtf

'White Man's Indian': A Review of the Book by Robert Berkhofer, Jr.
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A 6 page discussion of the book by Robert Berkhofer, Jr. Emphasizes the extreme diversity of Native America and illuminates the numerous misconceptions held by 'mainstream White America' regarding Native Americans. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPnaWman.wps

“A Brooklyn Rose” by Suzanna Lonchar
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A 6 page analysis of Suzanna Lonchar’s “A Brooklyn Rose.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAroseb2.rtf

“A Most Fortunate Ship” by Tyrone G. Martin
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A 3 page book report on “A Most Unfortunate Ship: A Narrative History of Old Ironsides” by Tyrone G. Martin. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAironss.rtf

“A Narrative of the Captivity & Removal of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson”
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A 4 page review of this narrative first published in 1682 after the authors experience as a captive of the Narragansett, Native Americans residing in New England during the initial colonial intrusions there. The contention is presented that, while the trauma endured by Rowlandson was indeed horrific, the Native actions were in themselves the result of the colonial intrusions into their land and, in particular, the Puritan view of them as inferior beings. Bibliography lists two sources.
Filename: PPnaCptv.rtf

“American National Identity”
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A five page paper which looks at the way in which American national identity was defined by Franklin and Crevecoeur and the similarities and differences between the two thinkers’ perceptions of what constitutes Americanism. Bibliography lists 2 sources
Filename: JLIdentity.rtf

“Battle Cry of Freedom” by McPherson
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A 3 page paper which examines James McPherson’s book “Battle Cry of Freedom.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAbtcry.rtf

“Before the Melting Pot” by Joyce Goodfriend
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A 4 page paper which summarizes and analyzes Joyce Goodfriend’s book “Before the Melting Pot.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAbemelt.rtf

“Beloved,” “The Crucible,” “The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass,” and McCarthyism -- Stories of Boundaries Imposed and Crossed
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This 5 page report discusses the fact that literary works often demonstrate the boundaries that can and cannot be crossed and the barriers people place between themselves and understanding their contemporaries. Morrison’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel “Beloved” demonstrated the ways in which characters must deal with a past that constantly haunts them. Likewise, it is clear in Frederick Douglass’ autobiography that he never escaped having been born to a slave and being a slave and the ways in which such a circumstance negated his existence as a human being. Miller’s “The Crucible” serves as yet another example of how humanity’s current circumstances can be and often are defined by the past. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWhisnov.wps

“Black Power,” “Afrocentricity,” “Mis-Education of The Negro,” and “Think and Grow Rich: A Black Choice”
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This 6 page report discusses four separate books regarding African American issues -- “Black Power” (1967) by Kwame Ture (formerly known as Stokely Carmichael), “Afrocentricity” (1998) by Molefi Kete Asante, “Mis-Education of The Negro” (1933) by Carter G. Woodson, and “Think and Grow Rich: A Black Choice” (1997) by Dennis Kimbro and Napoleon Hill. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BWafro.rtf

“Brokenburn: The Journal of Kate Stone”
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An 8 page summary of the book “Brokenburn: The Journal of Kate Stone” edited by John Q. Anderson. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAbroken.rtf

“Cadillac Desert” by Marc Reisner
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A 5 page paper which examines “Cadillac Desert: American West and Its Disappearing Water” by Marc Reisner. The paper discusses crops and water projects and also discusses the involvement of President Carter. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAreisnr.rtf

“California: A Study of American Character” by Josiah Royce
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A 4 page review of “California: A Study of American Character” by Josiah Royce. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAroyce.rtf

“Clash of the Titans” by Walter J. Boyne
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A 4 page review of Walter J. Boyne’s book “Clash of the Titans.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAclshtt.rtf

“Colonies in the USA”
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A five page paper which looks at the some of the early colonies in the USA, with regard to the social, cultural and economic differences between them and the diverse ways in which they developed as a result of these individual features. Bibliography lists two sources.
Filename: JLcolony.wps

“Common Sense” by Thomas Paine
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A 4 page review on “Common Sense” by Thomas Paine. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAcomtom.rtf

“Common Sense” by Thomas Paine
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A 10 page paper which analyzes and discussed Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAcmmm.rtf

“Crossing the Line” by Kernan
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A 3 page overview of the book “Crossing the Line” by Alvin Kernan. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAcrsker.rtf

“E-Boat Alert” by James Tent
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A 3 page paper which reviews and examines the book “E-boat Alert” by James Tent. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAeboat.rtf

“Ethnocentricity and Indigenous Nations”
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A seven page paper which looks at the way in which the ethnocentric perceptions of European colonisation mediated against the interests of indigenous native populations, and the effect which this has had up to the present day in terms of cultural assimilation and the marginalisation of native peoples. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JL2ethnocentricity.wps

“Factories in the Field”: A Review of the Book by Carey McWilliams
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A 5 page overview of the agricultural history of California. This author traces this history from the Spanish land grant to the early half of the twentieth century. Central to the tremendous development which occurred was the migrant worker, groups of which McWilliams describes as the “wake of a machine”. The industry of thousands of workers, some white, some yellow, some brown, is what has fueled California’s great corporate expansion into agriculture. It is that industry to which California should be the most beholding. The picture revealed by McWilliams, however, is not one of gratitude, it is instead one of monopolization and domination. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPmigrnt.rtf

“For Cause and Comrades” by James M. McPherson
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A 3 page examination of “For Cause and Comrades” by James M. McPherson. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAcamph.rtf

“France and Vietnam”
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A paper which looks at the reasons behind the USA’s support of the French in Vietnam in the 1940s, and the rejection of other alternatives regarding the political future of the country. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JLvietfrance.wps

“George Washington and the American Military Tradition”
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A 5 page review of Don Higginbotham’s “George Washington and the American Military Tradition.” Bibliography lists 3 additional sources.
Filename: RAgeow.rtf

“Hiroshima in America” by Lifton and Mitchell
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A 5 page paper which examines the book “Hiroshima in America” by Lifton and Mitchell as it concerns the legacy of the nuclear bomb. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAhiro.rtf

“Hiroshima”: A Review of the Historical Documentary by John Hersey
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A 3 page review of the tragic consequences of the U.S. dropping of the A-Bomb on Hiroshima Japan as suffered by six specific survivors. First published in 1946, this book was updated some forty years later to include a chapter updating how the lives of six of the individuals the author spotlighted in his original pages had played out over the subsequent years. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPhirosh.rtf

“History on Trial: Culture Wars and the Teaching of the Past” by G.B. Nash, C. Crabtree and R.E. Dunn
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This is a 6 page paper discussing the book “History on Trial: Culture Wars and the Teaching of the Past” (1997). The publication of “History on Trial: Culture Wars and the Teaching of the Past” which describes the heated controversy surrounding the formation of the National History Standards in the mid-1990s, has in itself several controversial issues which makes it a useful tool in discussion forums in the social sciences. The authors of the text, Gary B. Nash, Charlotte Crabtree and Ross E. Dunn were involved in the selection of the committee working on the standards and have provided a background look at the events which took place during the development of the standards. Different issues discussed were the fact that while several historians approved of the constant updating and reinterpretation of historical events in the past and the inclusion of addition of multicultural issues while others believe that history as it has traditionally been taught should not be altered to any extent. The authors provide criticism of their own critics but their close proximity to the situation also provides additional limitations to the work which is provided to the reader as highly subjective in its context. Overall however, it is in a sense a historical document in its own right which like any other event from history is open for discussion or controversy and widely resembles many of the points outlined by the authors. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TJGNash1.rtf

“Irish Immigration to the USA”
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A five page paper which looks the history of the Irish in Ireland, the factors which motivated the waves of emigration to the USA from the eighteenth century onwards, and the extent to which the Irish community has successfully integrated into American life in the present day. Bibliography lists 5 sources
Filename: JLIrUSA. wps

“John Quincy Adams”
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A five page paper which looks at the way in which Adams had a positive influence on the American government in terms of the Florida Purchase and the Monroe Doctrine, and his individual and perceptive attitude to the relationship between European colonialism and the formation of the USA. Bibliography lists 2 sources
Filename: JLAdams.rtf

“Land of Desire” by William Leach
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A 5 page review of the William Leach’s book “Land of Desire.” Bibliography lists 3 additional sources.
Filename: RAleach.rtf

“Letters From an American Farmer”: Michel Guillaume Jean de Crèvecoeur
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A 6 page discussion of the insight provided into European thought by this French author. Interestingly, Crèvecoeur only lived in the Americas for a relatively short period of time. He became a naturalized citizen, however, and even ventured out among the indigenous inhabitants of the country. His roots, however, and his ideological framework were definitely firmly planted in Europe. Never-the-less, Crèvecoeur’s so-called letters offer tremendous insight into the question of what it is to be an American, as well as how that status relates to such topics as the wilderness and even slavery. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPamrFrm.rtf

“Loose Change” by Sara Davidson
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A 5 page reaction paper on “Loose Change” by Sara Davidson. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAloose.rtf

“Nixon, The Man, The Myth”: A Review of the Oliver Stone Movie
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A 6 page review of the Oliver Stone movie starring Anthony Hopkins, Joan Allen, Powers Boothe, James Woods and J.T. Walsh. The reviewer contends that, as unfortunately the case in this movie, Nixon is most often remembered for his weaknesses more so than for his accomplishments. Never-the-less, while it is the more questionable aspects of Nixon’s life which Stone chooses to capitalize upon, in doing so he has brought to life many other aspects of Richard Nixon which too many of us have forgotten. In all, in fact, Oliver Stone’s film is an excellent introduction to a very complex man. While Stone emphasizes some of Nixon’s more sordid moments in politics, he provides enough biographical detail to make his movie not only interesting but useful. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnixnMv.rtf

“Ordinary Courage” by James Kirby Martin
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A paper which looks at James Kirby Martin’s study of the experience of the Continentals during the Revolutionary War, in terms of their socio-economic disadvantage in civilian life and the way in which they were treated by the government once their service had been completed. Bibliography lists I source.
Filename: JLMartin.rtf

“Out of This Furnace”: A Review of the Book by Thomas Bell
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A 6 page discussion of the immigrant experience presented in this fictional novel based in a steel mill town in Pittsburgh at the turn of the century. Examines the importance of capitalism to the American dream. Explains the reflection of one of the primary characters in the novel that “bosses and bossin” were in need of dire change as not being critical of the macrocosm of capitalism as a whole only of the microcosm of the injustices of a particular workplace. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPfurnac.wps

“Political and economic restructuring in post-war Japan”
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A ten page paper which looks at the effects which the post-war occupation of Japan by the Allies, and particularly the USA, had on the country’s cultural, political and economic development in the subsequent decades, and the way in which the occupying forces were able to reconstruct the country’s imperialist heritage, religious practices and social reforms. Bibliography lists 8 sources
Filename: JLJapocc.rtf

“Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early North America”: A Review of the Book by Gary Nash
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A 7 page overview of Nash’s views on the impacts inflicted on Native Americans and African Americans by European colonists. Notes that any culture’s objective is cultural survival and that it is not that unique to emphasize one’s own survival even if it means the decimation of another. No additional sources are provided.
Filename: PPnaNash.rtf

“Review of Major Problems in American History Since 1945 and Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era”
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A review of the major themes and concepts which are covered by the two texts, showing how the respective authors have taken an analytical perspective on the historical periods which they investigate. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: JLgriffmay.wps

“Review of Zinn’s ‘A People’s History of the US’ and Loewen’s ‘Lies My Teacher Told Me’”
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A paper which looks at two critiques of the way in which American history has been deliberately misrepresented by successive governments, and the resultant mythology which has been constructed by historians and presented as factual evidence.
Filename: JLUShist.rtf

“Robert E Lee: strengths and weaknesses”
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A twelve page paper which looks at Lee’s background and military career, and the way in which his strategies and tactics prolonged the Civil War whilst not allowing him to achieve a final victory over the Union forces despite his use of offensive tactics designed to compensate for the numerical and strategic advantages held by the opposing forces. Bibliography lists 13 sources
Filename: JLLee.rtf