A Current Bill in Congress; H.R. 863
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This 5 page paper considers the Consequences for Juvenile Offenders Act of 2001 (H.R. 863) what it does, and how the current bill will impact on practice and policy of dealing with juvenile justice. The bibliography cites 6 sources.
Filename: TEjuvnil.rtf

A Discussion on the Rockefeller Drug Laws
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This 8 page paper examines the war on drugs with particular attention to the 1973 statutes that were purported to be the toughest drug laws in the country. While New York law is the focus of the paper, the result of the law is evaluated with use of prison statistics from the state. A fair view is taken, but the paper leans towards the idea that these mandatory sentencing laws were not warranted. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA409law.rtf

A History and Overview of Alcatraz Penitentiary
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This 11 page paper provides an overview of this historic institution. Details on how it was constructed and how secure it had been are included . Information on attempts to break out of this high security prison are also included. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA217A.rtf

A History of Police & Policing
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In this informative 10 page research paper, the writer presents a detailed history of police beginning as far back as the ancient Sumerians and Egyptians-- but quickly moving forward to such periods as The Middle Ages, 18th & 19th century Britain & France, and the United States from the 1700's through the late 1800's. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Polichis.wps

A History of Police Corruption: Its Issues and Possible Solutions
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This is an 8 page paper discussing the history and the issues involved in police corruption on a national and global scale. Specific examples are used and possible solutions are discussed. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TJPolCr1.rtf

A HISTORY OF PRISON REFORM IN THE U.S.
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This paper examines the history of both prisons and prison reform in the United States. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of incarceration as a tool for detering criminals, and examines what critics have said about prisons through the ages. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MTprisref.rtf

A Look at Burglary Statistics in New York City and Cincinnati
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This 3 page paper examines statistics. Burglary rates are compared and contrasted. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA905bur.rtf

A Look at Serial Murder
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This 8 page paper examines serial murderers, theories as to why serial killers commit murder and examines a few notorious cases. How investigations are conducted is discussed as well. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: SA532kil.rtf

A Look at the Serial Killer
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This 6 page paper examines the plight of the serial killer from three different points of view. Psychological, sociological and biological perspectives are discussed. Several notorious murderers are mentioned. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA439kil.rtf

A Perspective on Crime Control: The Value of Sentencing Violent Juvenile Offenders as Adults
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A 5 page contention that one of the most effective crime prevention methods when it comes to juvenile crime is harsh sentencing. By trying and sentencing violent juvenile offenders as adults we accomplish two things: more severe punishment for the crimes and a greater degree of public awareness of the punishment that goes along with the criminal activity. The result is that a violent offender is effectively taken off the streets and potential offenders are deterred to some degree from committing crimes of a similar nature. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPjuvCr3.rtf

A Plan to Tackle Organized Crime
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This 5 page paper uses a hypothetical situation to provide a plan of attack for the U.S. government to tackle organized crime. Information about organized crime and crime theory are provided. A solution is proposed and practical implications discussed. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA312org.rtf

A Probation Officer's View Of Effectiveness
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3 pages in length. The writer briefly discusses how a new boss helps to rectify bad attitudes and even worse recidivism statistics within the department. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: TLCProbOffc.rtf

A Profile of Serial Killer Ted Bundy
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This 7 page paper presents an overview of the life and experiences of Ted Bundy. How psychologists and sociologists evaluate his behavior is the focus of this paper. The conclusion drawn is that Bundy is a psychopath. Psychopathy is discussed. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA720Ted.rtf

A Proposal to Abolish the Death Penalty in the State of Texas
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5 pages. This paper is a summary of the motivating factors for abolishing the death penalty in the state of Texas as well as what is expected to be accomplished by doing so. The actions that need to be taken in order to get the death penalty abolished are reviewed, and specific subject matter the reader would want to look at are also considered. Those groups that would and would not benefit from the abolishment of the death penalty will be covered as well. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAtxdth.wps

A Selective History of Police Corruption
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This 15 page paper focuses on brutality and bribery as it looks at the long standing blue wall of silence. While the history of corruption is discussed, going back to Tammany Hall days, contemporary examples of problems in police departments are discussed in depth. Some studies are cited that look for causes of corruption. Solutions are discussed as well. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA330cor.rtf

A Sociological Analysis of Hannibal Lecter
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This 4 page paper examines the film Silence of the Lambs and also makes reference to Hannibal Rising in an examination of this deranged protagonist. The theory of anomie attempts to explain his behavior. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA708HL.rtf

A Sociological Examination of Gang Subculture
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9 pages in length. A sociological examination of Sanyika Shakur's (1992) book entitled, "Monster: The Autobiography of An L.A. Gang Member." In the book, the author tells in graphic detail of his years as an inner-city gang member and the violent escapades in which he was involved. This research paper attempts to examine the author's behavior from a criminology standpoint using a number of sociological (& crime) theories to make relevant points. Modeling, conflict, and other premises are used. Six additional supporting sources are cited in bibliography.
Filename: Lagangbk.wps

A Study in Recidivism
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This 27 page paper provides an original qualitative study submitted by a student, a substantial literature review and suggestions on how to reduce recidivism in the criminal justice system. The study material respects Singapore's justice system and the nation's CLAS (Criminal Legal Aid Scheme) is discussed in depth. Proposals to reduce recidivism are made in a broad sense. A number of theories are discussed. Bibliography lists 17 sources.
Filename: SA240crm.rtf

A Supreme Court Opinion: Thomas Joe Miller-El v. Janie Cockrell
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This 15 page paper provides an overview of the supreme court opinion in the case of Thomas Joe Miller-El v. Janie Cockrell. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHLawR66.rtf

A System Analysis in the context of Criminal Justice
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This 5 page paper looks at eleven steps, with a focus on four, in respect to evaluating problems related to criminal justice. Examples are provided. The example of drunk driving is the focus of this paper. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA704sys.rtf

A Typical Day In Prison
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This 3 page paper uses the words of inmates themselves to try and describe a typical day in prison. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVPenTyp.rtf

A Visit to a Court of Law
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A 5 page description of what the casual observer would encounter in a court of law. The author provides a general description of the courtroom and the various people who occupy it as well as the relative duties of these people. The popularized media version of the criminal justice system, versions reflected both in the fictional content of television and in the factual rendition of high-profile cases such as the O.J. Simpson case, is contrasted with the realities of the everyday local courtroom. No sources are listed.
Filename: PPcourtV.rtf

Aboriginal Women in Australian Prisons
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A 4 page examination of the reason aborigine women are disproportionately represented in the Australian prison system. This paper argues that the violence and lawlessness that characterize much of aborigine life must be abandoned if aboriginal culture is to be saved. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPaboWmnPrsn.rtf

Abusing Handicapped Parking Placards
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6 pages in length. What possesses able-bodied individuals to illegally steal parking spaces from those who truly need the special location? For many, it is the opportunity to expedite the tedious job of parking; for others, it is a subconscious test to see just how far they can push the system. While doing so may appear to be nothing more than a minor inconvenience for those who have legal privilege to the parking space, abusing ADA placards represents much more than that. The perpetual misuse of handicapped parking placards takes away the individual's security of knowing that there will be an available space to use; when an able-bodied person illegally uses that space, the handicapped individual is forced to find the nearest open spot, which is sometimes all the way across the parking lot. Indeed, this invalidates the very reason for obtaining the parking placard in the first place. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCplcrd.wps

Accountability for the Nottinghamshire Police Force
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This 7 page paper looks at the Nottinghamshire police department, as well as others, in defining and discerning accountability for this much criticized entity. Several examples are provided. Attention is paid to training as well as institutional racism. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: SA338NP.rtf

Accountability of the Police
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This well written 17 page paper looks at the UK police force and argues that the recent developments that have increased police powers, such as, but not limited to, PACE 1984, Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 and the Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996, have not been balanced with effective police account ability. This is discussed in relation to arrest, detention, and the collection of evidence. Numerous cases are cited throughout the paper. The bibliography cites 31 sources
Filename: TEacctnb.rtf

Accuracy Of The FBI Uniform Crime Reporting System
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This 8 page paper provides a very brief historical overview of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. The paper then explains and discusses the types of crime data the FBI collects for this program and how they obtain the data. The writer discuses the strengths and weaknesses of the system, including the fact that not all crimes are reported to police officers and how the definitions of crimes may differ between states. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PGucrfbi.rtf

Actual Innocence
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A 3 page book review of the text Actual Innocence. The Innocence Project is a program based at the Cardozo Law School in New York, which is run by Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld. Jim Dwyer is a columnist for The Daily News, a New York newspaper (Boyer). Their book, Actual Innocence, describes some of the cases reopened by the Innocence Project, which uses DNA evidence to exonerate innocent people wrongly accused, convicted and imprisoned. Their book describes harrowing narratives that indicate that obtaining criminal justice in this country is something of a hit-or-miss proposition in this country and that, in terms of justice, the majority of cases fall on the "miss" side of the equation. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khactin.rtf

Addressing Juvenile Crime: An Exploration of the Options
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A 6 page consideration of the problem presented by juvenile crime. The author points out that with a decade or so of “get tough” policies regarding the problem of juvenile crime, we are slowly beginning to realize that treating young offenders as adults may not be all that effective in regard to actually addressing the issues. Instead of automatically sending juveniles to prison we should explore the other options that offer a potential solution to the problem. Bootcamps, reform school, and group homes offer several possibilities but so do approaches such as group therapy, forced restitution, and aftercare programs which act as half way houses between the juvenile leaving the correctional system and reentering the community. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPjuvRfm.rtf

Addressing Violence within the United States
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This 4 page report includes a one-page outline and discusses a proposal by the newly elected president of the United States to address the overwhelming issue of violence within the country. The report is presented in the format of a speech being made to a group of concerned citizens. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWspeech.wps

ADJUSTING TO TERRORISM
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This 4-page paper discusses a criminal agency's set up to combat terrorism, what changes are necessary within and the pros and cons of protecting the agency from terrorist attacks. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: MTterradju.rtf

Administrative Position Paper: Excessive Force
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13 pages in length. The writer discusses how excessive force is often the result of insufficient minority presence on the police staff and the product of racial intolerance. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: TLCExcessFrc.rtf

Administrator Challenges: Law Enforcement Ethics
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3 pages in length. One especially major issue police administrators encounter on a regular basis is enforcing each level of law enforcement to recognize the duality of responsibilities and limitations. This course has helped prepare me to understand how the fine line between acting within the law and behaving outside of it has become an unfortunate focal point of myriad police departments, inasmuch as deviance on the force is an ever-present problem that blurs the distinction of law enforcer and criminal. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: TLCAdminChall.rtf

Admissibility of Eyewitness ID Evidence
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A 10 page research paper that discusses the reliability of eyewitness testimony. The writer offers a literature review of eyewitness and memory research that indicates that eyewitness testimony is not as reliable as it has been traditionally viewed in US jurisprudence. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: kheyewit.rtf

Admissible Evidence
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This 3 page paper discusses how police and the judiciary work to make certain that evidence secured from a crime scene is admissible at trial. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVAdmEvi.rtf

Adolescent Gang Prevention Planning - Shelby #4
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This 7 page paper is a follow up in a series but it is also complete enough to stand alone as a plan for reducing gang activities in any town or city. The Introduction provides the most recent statistical data on gang activities in the U.S. and also includes the data for the city of Shelby. The author then briefly describes three alternative programs that have been successful in gang-related crime prevention. The author recommends one of the alternatives and identifies: target population, goals and objectives along with measurements to be used, estimated costs and funding sources, implementation timeline and program measurements. Statistical data included. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PGshel4.rtf

Adult Court Versus Juvenile Court
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A 14 page paper that begins by reporting when and why the first children's court/juvenile court was established. The rest of the essay compares and contrasts the two systems and discusses the advantages of juvenile court. 1 Table illustrates the differences in terminology. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PGjvcrt.rtf

Advantages And Disadvantages In Community Policing
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7 pages in length. The notion of community policing has become a necessary evil in today's ever-threatened global society. That criminal activity far surpasses law enforcement's ability to keep it in check is indicative of how vital community policing – "a partnership between the police and the community, sharing in the delivery of police services" (Himelfarb et al, 2002) – has become as a viable alternative to help enhance an otherwise shorthanded guardian system. However, as good as any given program might be, there are bound to be drawbacks that serve to impede the very objective it seeks to achieve. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCCmPlc.rtf

Affirmative Action & The Detroit Police Department
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A 12 page research paper outlining the results of an affirmative action program implemented in the Detroit police department in the mid-1970s. Stresses that the current successes of affirmative action policies, which are no longer in effect, could be lost without continued vigilance to maintain the current racial composition of the force. One method of doing this is the continued provision of training for both promotional candidates and first-time applicants to the force. Bibliography lists fifteen sources.
Filename: Detroitp.rtf

Affirmative Action And Diversity Hiring - Law Enforcement
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A 25 page paper. This paper begins with a historical overview of Affirmative Action in the U.S., laws, executive orders, intent and interpretation. The next section discusses what diversity hiring really means and includes some examples of private sector companies and their efforts towards diversity. The differences between affirmative action and diversity are explained. The remainder of this essay addresses diversity hiring in law enforcement agencies, primarily police departments. Specific examples about efforts and results or lack of effort are provided. Specific police departments are used as example. Topics include efforts, strategies some departments are using, advantages and some cautions. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: PGdvpdp.rtf